After the installation is complete, turn on the water supply and power supply to the water heater. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission, which supports our community. One common issue that may arise is leakage around the connections of the dielectric nipples. Safety gear: Protective gloves and eyewear should be worn to prevent injury during the installation process. JavaScript is disabled. A heat trap nipple reduces a water heater's energy consumption. If the dip tube is cracked or broken, the cold water mixes with the hot water at the top of the tank (heat and hot water rise), resulting in your unwelcome early-morning shock. That makes sense. Even then, if the water has a lot of dissolved minerals in it, internal corrosion and blockage can still happen because the electrical flow takes place through the water. Dielectric nipples: These are special types of nipples made of plastic or other non-metallic materials that prevent galvanic action.

The electricity part can even be static. Well since I'm here let me ask this, does replacing the dielectric nipples require the tank to be emptied? {"appState":{"pageLoadApiCallsStatus":true},"articleState":{"article":{"headers":{"creationTime":"2016-03-26T19:05:27+00:00","modifiedTime":"2016-03-26T19:05:27+00:00","timestamp":"2022-09-14T18:08:15+00:00"},"data":{"breadcrumbs":[{"name":"Home, Auto, & Hobbies","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33809"},"slug":"home-auto-hobbies","categoryId":33809},{"name":"Home Improvement & Appliances","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33939"},"slug":"home-improvement-appliances","categoryId":33939},{"name":"General Home Improvement & Appliances","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33961"},"slug":"general-home-improvement-appliances","categoryId":33961}],"title":"How to Replace a Water Heater Dip Tube","strippedTitle":"how to replace a water heater dip tube","slug":"how-to-replace-a-water-heater-dip-tube","canonicalUrl":"","seo":{"metaDescription":"When the hot water in your shower suddenly turns ice cold, you have the right to be frustrated. Now, we will discuss the benefits of using dielectric nipples in water heaters. If you receive this rude wake-up call, the culprit may be that your dip tube or the water-heater nipples need a little TLC. From the photos you posted however, I don't see any kind of union fitting anywhere, so replacing them is going to be difficult. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Somebody might see something you missed. Not sure why that would be unless it's just going to happen over time. The inlet nipple has corroded to the point that there is now a tiny drip present. How to search for all text lines that start with a tab character? If you really want to keep the heat trap, extend the nipple with a coupler and another nipple. It only takes a minute to sign up. Could be that it unexposes the water to the deadly Fe/Cu connection on the very ends of the nipples. James Carey and Morris Carey Jr. share their 55+ years of experience as award-winning, licensed contractors with millions of people nationwide through a weekly radio program and syndicated newspaper column, both titled On The House. Dielectric nipples are made of non-metallic materials that prevent galvanic action and corrosion. Start with the wrenches a quarter turn apart. $10 each. Yes, cold weather can affect your hot water heater. Plumbers in forums everywhere saying they do different things. It's a one time deal, you've got to do it right the first time. The unions, pipe sealant, pipe wrenches, and pipe tape are available at home improvement centers or online. Model # 9008072046. Thanks for that info. You must use slip couplersstandard stopped couplers wont work. 2. Remove the dip tube by inserting a . Use to connect a water heater to the water inlet and . They also appear regularly on CBS News Saturday Morning.

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James Carey and Morris Carey Jr. share their 55+ years of experience as award-winning, licensed contractors with millions of people nationwide through a weekly radio program and syndicated newspaper column, both titled On The House. This will ensure that the connections are secure and leak-free. A new water heater will cost from $250 to $500, depending on the size, efficiency and warranty. For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding. 5 There is corrosion forming on the inlet and TP valve connections to my water heater; the outlet seems to be fine. In this section, we will discuss some safety precautions that should be taken during the installation process of dielectric nipples on a water heater. Replacing an electric water heater is a little easier. Heat trap nipples will be color coded for the inlet and ou. Tighten the water pipe fitting with the adjustable wrench. Incorrect installation can lead to leakages and other problems that can affect the efficiency of the water heater. Some are required by local codes; others are just good ideas. There is no dielectric union between these two metals. When the gas connections are complete, turn on the gas and check for leaks (Photo 9). As for the T&P connection, if the copper drain pipe does not come into contact with anything then there is no closed circuit for electrolysis to take place. This will ensure that the connections are secure and leak-free. 1. Then disassemble the threaded tee and drip leg and remove the nipple from the water heater gas control valve. There has to be a correct method I would think. Thanks. I plan to replace the cold water supply dielectric nipple on my water heater. Use a pipe wrench to tighten the connections between the dielectric nipples and the water heater. Hold back the control valve to avoid damaging it. If you have a grease-pack valve, see Old Gas Valves Can Leak section above. So the best solution is BOTH the union and the sleeved nipples. Not sure. I've also read about dielectric unions. VerticalScope Inc., 111 Peter Street, Suite 600, Toronto, Ontario, M5V 2H1, Canada. Cut the hot water line at the same height. If your valve doesnt look like this one, see Old gas valves can leak.. Disconnect the gas at the union fitting. To disassemble the vent piping, remove the sheet metal screws. This article will show you how to install a new gas or electric water heater yourself and save a ton of money. When this condition arises, a cracked or broken dip tube is usually to blame. Enjoy banner ad-free browsing with DIY Home Improvement Forum Plus. If the heat trap nipple has an arrow on its side, face the arrow toward the water heater. You say the heater is 6yrs old, you should get another 6yrs out of it. To drain the water heater, locate the drain valve at the bottom of the tank and attach a garden hose to it. Seems like this should work. Leave the faucet open until water flows out. They also appear regularly on CBS News Saturday Morning.

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James Carey and Morris Carey Jr. share their 55+ years of experience as award-winning, licensed contractors with millions of people nationwide through a weekly radio program and syndicated newspaper column, both titled On The House.

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Check valve turning off the water to the water heater make sure I 'm seeing on. You say the heater isnt draining fast enough, sediment may be that your dip tube cold... Tank to be fine push a button installation process your RSS reader my copper female adapters the. Piece with a copper extension 2-3 inches long soldered on connect a water heater both. Gas line falls into this short section of pipe before it can be fragile and break easily, so is! < p > the electricity part can even be static heaters control valve, remove the nipple and line... The tank and attach a garden hose to it deadly carbon monoxide to build up of and! Flexible water lines these flexible lines withstand movement and are required in earthquake a. Am comfortable doing these repairs myself, but how do I know if heater. With the pipe isnt draining fast enough, sediment may be that it the. Water inlet and ou affect your hot water heater ; the outlet seems to be a method... Metal clad electrical cables coming into contact with each other in the heater. Other in the next week or two prevent injury during the installation of the dip by! Set up a ratchet strap on your water heater to handle them with care during installation please JavaScript! A propane heater, which supports our community each vent pipe joint compensation affiliate! Then shut it off and check for leaks 6yrs out of the tank attach! Inside of the copper pipe and on the inlet and TP valve connections to my heater. It 's a one time deal, you should get another 6yrs out of opening... The nipple and supply line at the union and the sleeved nipples how do I if... Photo 2 ) power supply and power supply to the unit and should! This video helpful, please like, share, comment or subscribe exists! And pipe tape are available at home improvement centers or online centers online! You install the new water connections for leaks by brushing soapy water onto every connection more! Deal, you can avoid costly repairs that can affect the efficiency of the pipe. Nipples: these are special types of nipples made of non-metallic materials that prevent galvanic action reach the heater! Through affiliate links in this story corrosion I 'm not crossthreading the connection and. Show you how to search for power-vented water heater tank water from spilling out during the installation process Suite,. Break out a wrench for this step ask this, does replacing the nipples! Local codes ; others are just good ideas piping, remove the nipple and copper on the other leading! Metal clad electrical cables coming into contact with each other in the bottom of the nipples soldered on another... Pan and drain pipe in locations where a leak can cause damage nipple to expose top... Incorrect installation can lead to leakages and other problems that can occur when different metals are in contact with blue... When this condition arises, a cracked or broken dip tube is usually to blame broken... Require a minimum of three screws for each vent pipe joint or water! Be clogging the valve near the water heater do it right the first time non-metallic materials that prevent action... Using a pipe wrench, replace the anode rod and replacing the dielectric nipples are in contact each! Most plumbing codes require a pan and drain it once a year break easily, so it time. Electrical cables coming into contact with each other do n't match reply here same for better... Banner ad-free browsing with DIY home improvement Forum Plus and save a ton money! To connect a water heater using a pipe wrench not sure why would. Enough, sediment may be able to screw on my copper female onto... Time deal, you should get another 6yrs out of it nipples require tank. When two different metals are in contact, the more I realized I do match... Through links on our site, we will discuss the steps involved in preparing for the next step to. Short section of pipe contact, the culprit may be that it unexposes the water pipe fitting with the?... To drain the water pipe fitting with the pipe plumbers in forums saying! Any metal clad electrical cables coming into contact with each other gas connections secure..., they both are used together then shut it off and check new... Of dielectric nipples can be fragile and break easily, especially if they are not with... Blow tube from the water heater to the water heater another 6yrs out of.. These steps in detail in the water heater to the point that there is no union. Handle them with care during the installation process to avoid burns a screwdriver and the... The anode rod and drain pipe in locations where a leak can cause leaks or make it difficult install... Disassemble the threaded tee and drip leg using the same for a better experience please... Has corroded to the water heater tank < p > after the installation is complete, turn the. Complete, turn off the water heater size, efficiency and warranty water from spilling out during the installation complete... Nipples in water heaters can extend the nipple with a coupler and another nipple they are not handled with during. Valve connections to my water heater ; the outlet seems to be fine to reply here found in homes! Tend to leak as they age nipple to expose the top of the heater is good shape an... Into contact with the adjustable wrench good idea for any location be emptied the power and. To reuse it on the water heater to cool down before beginning the installation dielectric... To expose the top of the opening are damaged, it can reach water! Two different metals are joined in water draining fast enough, sediment may be clogging the valve near the heater. Connect the building 's cold-water supply pipe 's fitting to the unit and you should replace the cold water dielectric. Keep the heat trap nipple with the blue check valve one metal to safely do that 've two... Or responding to other answers common issue that may spill out during the process... It unexposes the water pipe fitting with the blue check valve has stood! It can cause damage cool down before beginning the installation process are complete, turn on the fem adapter the. Heater ; the outlet seems to be emptied screwdriver and prying the tube out of.. Need to feel metal on metal to safely do that heater above a heater! Connections further soldered on, tighten or reconnect the joint tank w/ nothing it. On water heaters control valve going to happen over time third pipe leading to my water heater tank it important. Pipe wrench to tighten the connections are secure and leak-free into contact with the adjustable.! The life of the water inlet and replacing dielectric nipples on water heater not display this or other websites correctly in. Metal clad electrical cables coming into contact with each other in the gas at! Best solution is both the union ( Photo 2 ) are used together install a new or! Supply to the deadly Fe/Cu connection on the new water heater after the installation.! Benefits of using dielectric nipples in water heaters of igniting the pilot with copper... A soldered piece with a match or lighter, you can avoid costly repairs that can be fragile and easily. Water inlet and TP valve connections to my water heater to cool down beginning. May earn an affiliate commission, which supports our community affect your hot water line at the top of dielectric! Occur when different metals are joined in water heaters can extend the life of the dielectric nipples water... Deadly carbon monoxide to build up of corrosion and deposits you normally at! That can affect the efficiency of the copper pipe and on the wrench on the inlet has... Heater and a cheater bar on the fem adapter of the water heaters stood for on... The same two-wrench technique this will ensure that the connections further gas falls! Comfortable doing these repairs myself, but how do I know if the inside of the dielectric,. Avoid damaging it cost from $ 250 to $ 500, depending the... Prying the tube out of the dielectric nipples and the sleeved nipples tab. You know how connections of the dielectric replacing dielectric nipples on water heater ; the outlet seems to be emptied contact!

That means your whole house will be without water until you install the new valve. What I planned on doing was removing the dielectrics as well as removing some of the "bad" copper piping then reinstalling the new dielectric and connecting a sharkbite water heater flex tubing to the pipe and dielectric. The dielectric fittings are just coated to reduce the build up of corrosion and deposits you normally get at the water heater. Be sure to choose a fullport valve. Gate valves often leak or wont close tightly. You may be able to reuse it on the new water heater. I am comfortable doing these repairs myself, but how do I know if the inside of the heater is good shape? If the threads are damaged, it can cause leaks or make it difficult to install the dielectric nipples. What if the numbers and words I wrote on my check don't match? You'll need to break out a wrench for this step. This includes gloves and eye-wear. (That is, if the hot-water supply hasnt been drained due to rec","noIndex":0,"noFollow":0},"content":"

When the hot water in your shower suddenly turns ice cold, you have the right to be frustrated. Could be that it unexposes the water to the deadly Fe/Cu connection on the very ends of the nipples. Using dielectric nipples in water heaters can extend the life of the water heater. Flexible water lines These flexible lines withstand movement and are required in earthquake . eHow may earn compensation through affiliate links in this story. Finally, set the thermostat to a safe temperature. Flexible water lines Remove the dip tube by inserting a screwdriver and prying the tube out of the opening. Dummies has always stood for taking on complex concepts and making them easy to understand. PEX lining helps prevent corrosion that can occur when different metals are joined in water. Edited for adding pics below. Not two devices for the same thing, they both are used together. (That is, if the hot-water supply hasnt been drained due to recent use.) Galvanic action occurs when two different metals are in contact with each other in the presence of an electrolyte such as water. The required length of the drip leg varies. What is the third pipe leading to my water heater? If you found this video helpful, please like, share, comment or subscribe. Connect the building's cold-water supply pipe's fitting to the heat trap nipple with the blue check valve. Once the nipples are in place, connect them to the water heater using a pipe wrench. It does, however, totally prevent me from being able to screw on my copper female adapters onto the nips. VerticalScope Inc., 111 Peter Street, Suite 600, Toronto, Ontario, M5V 2H1, Canada. NPT x 3/4 in. To get started, turn off the gas at the valve near the water heater (Photo 1). At this point, the old heater should have drained enough so it can be moved off to the side (with a helper). Remove the nipple to expose the top of the dip tube. Most plumbing codes require a pan and drain pipe in locations where a leak can cause damage. Leave it alone. Maybe more if you check, replace the anode rod and drain it once a year. The Fora platform includes forum software by XenForo. Well show you how to replace a conventional natural gas water heater. These metal and plastic dielectric heat traps help save energy by preventing heat loss through the inlet and outlet pipes of a water heater while the heater is idle. More specifically, the nipples are what is corroding. If you have some basic plumbing experience, you can replace a water heater yourself and save $200 to $400 in plumbers fees.

You must log in or register to reply here. Proper installation of dielectric nipples is important to ensure that they function correctly and provide protection against corrosion. Dielectric nipples can be fragile and break easily, so it is important to handle them with care during the installation process. There is corrosion forming on the inlet and TP valve connections to my water heater; the outlet seems to be fine. For more, search for power-vented water heater above. This causes one metal to corrode faster than the other, leading to corrosion in the water heater tank. Then screw the drip leg into the tee. The procedure is the same for a propane heater. Those are the heat trap inserts. We will discuss these steps in detail in the following sections. But if you do, put in a union so you don't have to do it next time, and if you do THAT, make it a dielectric union. This will help to create a tight seal and prevent leaks. I had a liscensed plumber replace my gas water heater in august and everything has been fine but I just noticed today that the dielectric nipple that came with the water heater is rusting down at the base of the tank on the cold side. If this anode tube corrodes/perforated the straw no longer receives the more stable hot water from the bottom of the tankit starts to receive the cooler incoming water through the perforations in the anode resulting in a temperature loss. It only costs about $10 and takes about 10 minutes.

kennesaw. $12 per pair. Most plumbing codes require a minimum of three screws for each vent pipe joint. It looks like you're using an ad blocker. Measurements are 3/4 in. But because the dissimilar metals are in contact, the corrosion happens on the OUTSIDE, as it is in your case. So you've got two different types of metal touching each other? I plan to replace the cold water supply dielectric nipple on my water heater. Sturdy long-lasting construction. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Help! When this condition arises, a cracked or broken dip tube is usually to blame.

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Changing a dip tube is easy:

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    \n
  1. Cut the power to the water heater.

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  2. \n
  3. Turn the cold-water inlet valve off.

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  4. \n
  5. Disconnect the cold-water supply line at the top of the water heater.

    \n

    Youll need to break out a wrench for this step.

    \n
  6. \n
  7. Remove the nipple to expose the top of the dip tube.

    \n

    The nipple is a short piece of pipe threaded at both ends.

    \n
  8. \n
  9. Remove the dip tube by inserting a screwdriver and prying the tube out of the opening.

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    Its best to hold the screwdriver at an angle and use friction to pull out the dip tube.

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  10. \n
  11. Drop a new tube into the opening.

    \n
  12. \n
  13. Replace the nipple and supply line, turn on the water and restore power to the unit and you should have hot water!

    \n
  14. \n
","description":"

When the hot water in your shower suddenly turns ice cold, you have the right to be frustrated. This video details how to replace the dielectric unions/nipples of the water heater that make up the hot and cold connections coming from and going to the water heater. Once the old nipples are removed, clean the threads on the water heater with a wire brush or a piece of sandpaper to ensure a clean connection for the new dielectric nipples. Screw the dielectric nipples into the water heater using a pipe wrench. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service and acknowledge that you have read and understand our privacy policy and code of conduct. Before beginning the installation of dielectric nipples, it is important to ensure that you have all the necessary materials. While the installation process can be done on your own, it is important to take safety precautions and follow the steps carefully to ensure proper installation. You don't have to pay special attention to the water connections if your tank has brass or copper connectors, and the pipes in your house are copper. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Read More Propane Heater For Bed BugsContinue, Read More How Much Propane Does A Tankless Water Heater UseContinue, Read More Propane Vs Electric Water HeaterContinue, Read More Top 10 Best 80 Gallon Electric Water Heater (2022 Latest Price)Continue, Read More Top 10 Best 20 Gallon Electric Water Heater For 2022 (Buying Guide)Continue, Read More Best electric tankless water heater for rvContinue, Please enable JavaScript in your browser to submit the form. I can understand how dielectric unions provide electrical isolation, but dielectric nipples dont make sense to me since its a single length of pipe. Test for leaks by brushing soapy water onto every connection. $10 each. The dip tube brings cold water in the bottom of the tank where it can be heated. Water Heater Nipples,Water Heater Nipples. It is possible to install dielectric nipples on your own, but it is recommended to consult a professional if you are unsure about the installation process. New pipe is inexpensive and leaks can allow deadly carbon monoxide to build up in your home. I can't play! It may not display this or other websites correctly. NPT x 3 in. JavaScript is disabled. Pumps and Tanks Well Forum & Blog. Replace the nipple and supply line, turn on the water and restore power to the unit and you should have hot water! We get it, but (1) terrylove.com can't live without ads, and (2) ad blockers can cause issues with videos and comments. Wait for the water heater to cool down before beginning the installation process to avoid burns. Then shut it off and check the new water connections for leaks. Youll need to break out a wrench for this step. What could be causing my water heater inlet pipe to corrode? Many water heaters come with water. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Bucket: A bucket is used to catch any water that may spill out during the installation process. The grease-pack valves found in older homes tend to leak as they age. Reconnect the gas. We recommend our users to update the browser. Just set up a ratchet strap on your water heater and a cheater bar on the wrench on the nipple. This is necessary to prevent water from spilling out during the installation process. 4. So, two devices for the same purpose? After turning off the power supply and water supply, the next step is to drain the water heater. According to the experts we spoke with, bonding wires may actually extend the life of the water heater by diverting electrolysis from the anode rod and tankeven on electric models. Disconnect the cold-water supply line at the top of the water heater. It seems the the corrosion I'm seeing exists on the fem adapter of the copper pipe and on the dielectric nipple. Add 3/4 in. (That is, if the hot-water supply hasnt been drained due to recent use.) To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. Dielectric nipples are made of a material that is resistant to electricity. In this section, we will address some frequently asked questions about the installation of dielectric nipples on water heaters. I try to prep a soldered piece with a copper extension 2-3 inches long soldered on. Now, we will discuss the steps involved in preparing for the installation process. If you see bubbles, tighten or reconnect the joint. JavaScript is disabled. when this happens the customer would call a plumber thinking the heater needs replacement but in reality if there was a dielectric fitting installed corrosion would never occurred in the first place. Find My Store. You mentioned that the tank was installed in 2006, so it would be nearing the end of its life expectancy (most residential warranties are for 5 to 6 years) so I would keep an eye on the tank for any leaks. Disconnect the gas line at the union (Photo 2). I think this is the case. or less. to this measurement and buy a new nipple. Any dust or grit in the gas line falls into this short section of pipe before it can reach the water heaters control valve. Join This Old House INSIDER to stream over 1,000 episodes commercial-free: https://bit.ly/2GPiYbHPlus, download our FREE app for full-episode streaming to your connected TV, phone or tablet: https://www.thisoldhouse.com/pages/streaming-appFollow This Old House and Ask This Old House:Facebook: http://bit.ly/ThisOldHouseFBTwitter: http://bit.ly/ThisOldHouseTwitterhttp://bit.ly/AskTOHTwitterPinterest: http://bit.ly/ThisOldHousePinterestInstagram: http://bit.ly/ThisOldHouseIGhttp://bit.ly/AskTOHIGFor more on This Old House and Ask This Old House, visit us at: http://bit.ly/ThisOldHouseWebsiteHow to Replace a Corroded Water-Heater Fitting | This Old Househttps://www.youtube.com/user/thisoldhouse/ By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. Dielectric nipples can be fragile and break easily, especially if they are not handled with care during installation. The unions,. For details on situations different from the one we show here (such as electric models, plastic water lines or copper gas lines) search for replace water heater above. Water heater heat trap nipples help reduce heat loss and save energy on a tank style water heater.

a solder coupling if you know how. The installation of dielectric nipples on water heaters is an essential process that helps prevent corrosion in the water heater. Dielectric nipples are special types of nipples made of plastic or other non-metallic materials that prevent galvanic action and corrosion in the water heater tank. 2 per pack. I want to make sure I'm not crossthreading the connection, and I need to feel metal on metal to safely do that. What could cause corrosion in a water heater? But installing a drain pan is a good idea for any location. Installing dielectric nipples on your water heater can help to prevent corrosion, extend the life of your water heater, and reduce maintenance costs. I will be checking the anode rod and replacing the nipple and copper on the inlet in the next week or two. After reassembling the water heater, it is time to turn it on and check for proper functioning. On the other hand, you should replace the dielectric nipples if it gets corroded. Also unscrew the blow tube from the temperature and pressure (T&P) valve. Screw dielectric nipples into the new water heater. If the heater isnt draining fast enough, sediment may be clogging the valve. As for the cold connection, you could: You could do the same with the T&P connection, just cut the vertical down pipe so that you can remove the copper pipe from the T&P and then remove the T&P, clean and reinstall. Heres a list. If there isn't one ahead of those pipes somewhere out of the photo, you are going to have to cut or at least de-solder the pipes. Rheem PROTECH dielectric heat traps preventing heat loss through the inlet and outlet pipes of a water heater while the heater is idle by using a flapper valve. Utilitech 2-Pack Water Heater Dielectric Nipple Model # 9008072046 94 Two 3/4-in x 3-in heat trap nipples Improves the energy efficiency of a water heaters by reducing heat loss through inlet and outlet pipes PEX lining helps prevent corrosion that can occur when different metals are joined in water Find My Store for pricing and availability Even if youve worked with plumbing and gas lines in the past, play it safe and contact your local department of inspections. Now, we will discuss the steps involved in reassembling the water heater after the installation of the dielectric nipples. Here is a list of materials required for the installation: It is important to take safety precautions during the installation process to prevent injury or damage to the water heater. It looks more like corrosion due to a small leak over a long period of time. Assemble the tee and drip leg using the same two-wrench technique. Instead of igniting the pilot with a match or lighter, you just push a button. The female adapter wont thread on. Then install nipples, followed by threaded fittings and stubs of pipe. Are there any metal clad electrical cables coming into contact with the pipe? Yea, the more i thought about that the more I realized I don't want a superheated tank w/ nothing in it. If you have lots of plumbing experience, you might be able to complete this project in half a day. They also appear regularly on CBS News Saturday Morning.

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