France Overview People Government - Politics Geography Economy )transmission/distribution losses: 36.203 billion kWh (2020 est. )from petroleum and other liquids: 225.865 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. )proven reserves: 7.787 billion cubic meters (2021 est. las vegas high school student charged with battery ), euros (EUR) per US dollar -0.845 (2021 est. Compared with its agricultural resources, the country is far less well-endowed with energy resources. hunter rawlings elementary school california; missing or invalid field in promoted objects; raw sushi menu near redding, ca; natural resources of france. )investment in inventories: 0.9% (2017 est. Petroleum Natural gas Mineral water Although diverse, the Natural Resources of France are relatively limited in quantity. )8.41% (2019 est. agriculture: 1.7% (2017 est. Imports originate mainly from Australia, the United States, South Africa, and Germany. It is Europes most important agricultural producer and one of the worlds leading industrial powers. Coal reserves are estimated at about 140 million tons, but French coal suffered from being difficult and expensive to mine and from its mediocre quality. )refined petroleum consumption: 1,688,500 bbl/day (2019 est. There were more than 59 active nuclear plants as of 2010 with all of them contributing around 94.6% of all the primary electricity used in homes and factories around the country. Some of the natural resources found in France include the following: Coal was an essential resource that played a significant role in the industrial revolution wave that swept across European countries including France. More than 25 percent of its territory is covered with forest, and another 50 percent is countryside or farmland. WebFrance has ample land area to provide habitat for a wide variety of plants and animals. Non-metallic minerals Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Future projection estimates indicate that France will be able to produce 26,000 MW by 2023. Trade and agriculture fuel much of its economy with the country having vast tracts of arable land that supports all kinds of agricultural activities that range from food crops to timber production. Webpetroleum, natural gas, iron ore, phosphates, manganese, limestone, gypsum, talc, asbestos, lead, rare earth elements, zinc El Salvador hydropower, geothermal power, petroleum, arable land Equatorial Guinea petroleum, natural gas, timber, gold, bauxite, diamonds, tantalum, sand and gravel, clay France has also been influential in government and civil affairs, giving the world important democratic ideals in the age of the Enlightenment and the French Revolution and inspiring the growth of reformist and even revolutionary movements for generations. This was brought about by the need to conserve the environment by turning to environmentally friendly sources of energy.
By the late 1990s, production was negligible, requiring a high level of imports, principally from the North Sea (Norway and the Netherlands), Algeria, and Russia. The quality of the ore was low and could not compete with coal from other nations. WebNatural resources of France. WebNatural resources of France. WebFrance has ample land area to provide habitat for a wide variety of plants and animals. In the early 21st century, five French overseas entities - French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Mayotte, and Reunion - became French regions and were made part of France proper. When it comes to natural oil, France heavily relies on imports but has set up its refineries around the country. They also produce dolomite for cement making, gravel and sand for mixing concrete and making glass, and clay for brick, tile, and pottery manufacture. The supply of stone, sand, and gravel is relatively ubiquitous. Johnny Depp-starrer 'Jeanne du Barry' to open Cannes, French PM, unions meeting fails ahead of pension protests, North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). What Are The Major Natural Resources Of France? )$224.236 billion (31 December 2020 est. Many of the remaining residents have turned to agriculture. ), 11.208 million PARIS (capital), 1.761 million Lyon, 1.628 million Marseille-Aix-en-Provence, 1.079 million Lille, 1.060 million Toulouse, 1.000 million Bordeaux (2023), at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/femaletotal population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2023 est. )$3.095 trillion (2019 est. Fossil fuels are in red (C coal, L lignite, P petroleum, G natural gas). )1.84% (2019 est. In contrast, nuclear production, benefiting from major government investment from the early 1970s, expanded enormously in the 1980s, notably with the construction of sites in the Rhne and Loire valleys, a reflection of the need for large quantities of cooling water. )other: 18.1% (2018 est. )1.9% of GDP (2021)2% of GDP (2020)1.8% of GDP (2019)1.8% of GDP (2018), approximately 205,000 active-duty troops (115,000 Army; 35,000 Navy; 40,000 Air Force; 15,000 other, such as joint staffs, administration, logistics, procurement, medical service, etc. WebFrance holds a significant place among the European countries and is rich in natural resources including uranium, coal, iron ore, bauxite, zinc, antimony, arsenic, potash, feldspar, gypsum, and fluorspar. France Overview People Government - Politics Geography Economy Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, the Alps and the Pyrenees, France has long provided a geographic, economic, and linguistic bridge joining northern and southern Europe. As much as nuclear power is vital in France, hydro-electric energy is France's most important source of renewable energy accounting for about 19.7% of installed capacity in France; it comes second to nuclear energy. ), wheat, sugar beets, milk, barley, maize, potatoes, grapes, rapeseed, pork, apples, machinery, chemicals, automobiles, metallurgy, aircraft, electronics, textiles, food processing, tourism, agriculture: 2.8% (2016 est. Above 600-800m altitudes, Frances mountain climate brings heavy rainfall, and snow three to six months France, officially French Republic, French France or Rpublique Franaise, country of northwestern Europe. In recent decades, its reconciliation and cooperation with Germany have proved central to the economic integration of Europe, including the introduction of a common currency, the euro, in January 1999. )male: 34.9% (2020 est. Natural resources metropolitan France: coal, iron ore, bauxite, zinc, uranium, antimony, arsenic, potash, feldspar, fluorspar, gypsum, timber, arable land, fish; French Guiana: gold deposits, petroleum, kaolin, niobium, tantalum, clay Land use agricultural land: 52.7% (2018 est.) ), $6.356 trillion (2019 est. Police have fired clouds of tear gas against unruly protesters in Paris and other French cities as hundreds of thousands of people vented anger against President Emmanuel Macrons contested pension reforms, Chinese leader Xi Jinping has called for peace talks over Ukraine after French President Emmanuel Macron appealed to him to bring Russia to its senses. By the 1960s, however, oil, as its price fell in real terms, was being used in ever-greater quantities, so that by 1973 about two-thirds of energy consumption was accounted for by crude oil. )0.885 (2017 est. Confident that their city stood at the very centre of the world, Parisians were once given to referring to their country as having two parts, Paris and le dsert, the wasteland beyond it. Natural resources metropolitan France: coal, iron ore, bauxite, zinc, uranium, antimony, arsenic, potash, feldspar, fluorspar, gypsum, timber, arable land, fish; French Guiana: gold deposits, petroleum, kaolin, niobium, tantalum, clay Land use agricultural land: 52.7% (2018 est.) Uranium. WebThe principal source of iron ore in France is Lorraine. However, when it comes to natural resources, France surprisingly has a limited reserve. )101.62% of GDP (2018 est. Although wind power generated less than 3 percent of the electricity consumed in France in 2010, the countrys wind potential was the second largest in Europe, and new facilities were planned in accordance with EU renewable energy directives. The younger mountains and adjacent plains, Gaul and Germany at the end of the 5th century, The shrinking of the frontiers and peripheral areas, Austrasian hegemony and the rise of the Pippinids, The partitioning of the Carolingian empire, The development of institutions in the Carolingian age, The influence of the church on society and legislation, Economy, society, and culture in the Middle Ages (, Economy, society, and culture in the 14th and 15th centuries, The influence of Montesquieu and Rousseau, The French Revolution and Napoleon, 17891815, The restoration and constitutional monarchy, The Great Depression and political crises, Society and culture under the Third Republic, The euro-zone crisis and the Socialist resurgence, Match the Country with Its Hemisphere Quiz, Central Intelligence Agency - The World Factbook - France, Jewish Virtual Library - France Virtual Jewish History Tour, France - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), France - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), Rowdy protests again hit France, but striker numbers dwindle, Chinese President Xi calls for Ukraine peace talks. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Through the post-World War II years, the increase in the demand for energy has closely followed the rate of economic growth. )imports: 19.613 billion kWh (2020 est. According to the CIA World Factbook, France has a large economy that is currently transitioning from one with government ownership to a more privatized one. Webpetroleum, natural gas, iron ore, phosphates, manganese, limestone, gypsum, talc, asbestos, lead, rare earth elements, zinc El Salvador hydropower, geothermal power, petroleum, arable land Equatorial Guinea petroleum, natural gas, timber, gold, bauxite, diamonds, tantalum, sand and gravel, clay ), total: 3.1 deaths/1,000 live birthsmale: 3.48 deaths/1,000 live birthsfemale: 2.7 deaths/1,000 live births (2023 est. In the early postwar years, coal provided the larger part of energy needs.
Guadeloupe: Central America and the Caribbean; Martinique: Central America and the Caribbean; total: 643,801 sq km ; 551,500 sq km (metropolitan France)land: 640,427 sq km ; 549,970 sq km (metropolitan France)water: 3,374 sq km ; 1,530 sq km (metropolitan France)note: the first numbers include the overseas regions of French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Mayotte, and Reunion, slightly more than four times the size of Georgia; slightly less than the size of Texas, total: 3,956 kmborder countries (8): Andorra 55 km; Belgium 556 km; Germany 418 km; Italy 476 km; Luxembourg 69 km; Monaco 6 km; Spain 646 km; Switzerland 525 kmmetropolitan France - total: 2751 kmFrench Guiana - total: 1205 km, territorial sea: 12 nmcontiguous zone: 24 nmexclusive economic zone: 200 nm (does not apply to the Mediterranean Sea)continental shelf: 200m depth or to the depth of exploitation. )note: data cover general government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intragovernmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions, $9.947 billion (2021 est. France France is among the globes oldest nations, the product of an alliance of duchies and principalities under a single ruler in the Middle Ages. note: data are in current year dollars, Germany 18%, Belgium 9%, Italy 9%, Spain 7%, China 7%, Netherlands 6%, United Kingdom 5% (2019), cars, crude petroleum, refined petroleum, packaged medicines, aircraft machinery (2019), $244.28 billion (31 December 2021 est. metropolitan France: Western Europe, bordering the Bay of Biscay and English Channel, between Belgium and Spain, southeast of the UK; bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Italy and Spain; French Guiana: Northern South America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Brazil and Suriname; Guadeloupe: Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of Puerto Rico; Martinique: Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean, north of Trinidad and Tobago; Mayotte: Southern Indian Ocean, island in the Mozambique Channel, about halfway between northern Madagascar and northern Mozambique; Reunion: Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar. France today is one of the most modern countries in the world and is a leader among European nations. As the world changed and new sources of energy were discovered, coal mining in France drastically reduced until it was stopped in 2004. One cant impose unity out of the blue on a country that has 265 kinds of cheese.. Eguzon Dam in Central France is among the main stations that produce substantial percentage of the total output. )0.48% (2020 est. For a while, Lorraine was home to steel industries which depended on the iron ore, as the deposits depleted over time and when competition from other nation became stiff most of these industries closed down. ), conventional long form: French Republicconventional short form: Francelocal long form: Republique francaiselocal short form: Franceetymology: name derives from the Latin "Francia" meaning "Land of the Franks"; the Franks were a group of Germanic tribes located along the middle and lower Rhine River in the 3rd century A.D. who merged with Gallic-Roman populations in succeeding centuries and to whom they passed on their name, name: Parisgeographic coordinates: 48 52 N, 2 20 Etime difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in Octobertime zone note: applies to metropolitan France only; for its overseas regions the time difference is UTC-4 for Guadeloupe and Martinique, UTC-3 for French Guiana, UTC+3 for Mayotte, and UTC+4 for Reunionetymology: name derives from the Parisii, a Celtic tribe that inhabited the area from the 3rd century B.C., but who were conquered by the Romans in the 1st century B.C. )spirits: 2.3 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. More recently development has slowed substantially, as demand has eased and environmental groups have campaigned against further investment. )consumption: 38.192 billion cubic meters (2020 est. )beer: 2.52 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. In addition, Frances installed solar capacity increased by almost 700 percent between 2009 and 2011, and its 2.5 gigawatts of production represented almost 4 percent of the worlds total. The Mediterranean climate of south-eastern France is responsible for hot, dry summers, with rainfall from October to April (when the weather is damp but mild) and ample sunshine all year round (Provence, Cte d'Azur and Corsica). Non-metallic minerals
What Are The Major Natural Resources Of Ukraine? It is Europes most important agricultural producer and one of the worlds leading industrial powers. Please select which sections you would like to print: Alternate titles: French Republic, Rpublique Franaise, Goelet Professor of French History, Harvard University. France, however, does possess fast-moving rivers flowing out of highland areas that provide it with an ample hydroelectric resource. Why are French workers angry about raising retirement age?
), electrification - total population: 100% (2020), installed generating capacity: 138.611 million kW (2020 est. The country was traditionally an important producer of bauxite and iron ore. ), 1.06 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est. The metal industry is poorly supplied by indigenous raw materials, although traditionally France was an important producer of iron ore and bauxite.
Uranium. ), fossil fuels: 8% of total installed capacity (2020 est. Since the early 1980s one of the most significant changes in energy supply has been the greatly increased role of nuclear power, at the expense of fuel oil and coal; even the production of hydroelectric power has stabilized, as most suitable sites have already been exploited, particularly those of the Rhine and Rhne valleys, the Massif Central, and the Alps. The younger mountains and adjacent plains, Gaul and Germany at the end of the 5th century, The shrinking of the frontiers and peripheral areas, Austrasian hegemony and the rise of the Pippinids, The partitioning of the Carolingian empire, The development of institutions in the Carolingian age, The influence of the church on society and legislation, Economy, society, and culture in the Middle Ages (, Economy, society, and culture in the 14th and 15th centuries, The influence of Montesquieu and Rousseau, The French Revolution and Napoleon, 17891815, The restoration and constitutional monarchy, The Great Depression and political crises, Society and culture under the Third Republic, The euro-zone crisis and the Socialist resurgence, Which Country Is Larger By Population? France has many rivers that run through its vast landscapes creating waterfalls backed by reservoirs and dams that are harnessed to produce electricity for the masses. 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note: data are in current year dollars$916.214 billion (2019 est.) )geothermal: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est. arable land: 33.4% (2018 est.) Even though its imperialist stage was driven by the impulse to civilize that world according to French standards (la mission civilisatrice), the French still note approvingly the words of writer Gustave Flaubert: I am no more modern than I am ancient, no more French than Chinese; and the idea of la patrie, the fatherlandthat is, the obligation to live on a bit of earth coloured red or blue on a map, and to detest the other bits coloured green or blackhas always seemed to me narrow, restricted, and ferociously stupid. CountryReports - Your World Discovered! Above 600-800m altitudes, Frances mountain climate brings heavy rainfall, and snow three to six months Oil has long been Frances principal energy import, which has led to the growth of a major refining industry, with plants concentrated in two areas of the lower Seine valley (Le Havre and Rouen) and in the region around Fos-sur-Mer and the tang de Berre. 3.1%, Fabien ROUSSEL (PCF) 2.3%, Nicolas DUPONT-AIGNAN (DLF) 2.1%, Anne HIDALGO 1.8%, other 1.2%; percent of vote in second round - MACRON 58.5%, LE PEN 41.5%2017: Emmanuel MACRON elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Emmanuel MACRON (EM) 24%, Marine LE PEN (FN) 21.3%, Francois FILLON (LR) 20%, Jean-Luc MELENCHON (FI) 19.6%, Benoit HAMON (PS) 6.4%, other 8.7%; percent of vote in second round - MACRON 66.1%, LE PEN 33.9%, description: bicameral Parliament or Parlement consists of:Senate or Senat (348 seats - 328 for metropolitan France and overseas departments and regions of Guadeloupe, Martinique, French Guiana, Reunion, and Mayotte, 2 for New Caledonia, 2 for French Polynesia, 1 for Saint-Pierre and Miquelon, 1 for Saint-Barthelemy, 1 for Saint-Martin, 1 for Wallis and Futuna, and 12 for French nationals abroad; members indirectly elected by departmental electoral colleges using absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed for departments with 1-3 members, and proportional representation vote in departments with 4 or more members; members serve 6-year terms with one-half of the membership renewed every 3 years)National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (577 seats - 556 for metropolitan France, 10 for overseas departments, and 11 for citizens abroad; members directly elected by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed to serve 5-year terms)elections: Senate - last held on 24 and 27 September 2020 (next to be held in September 2023)National Assembly - last held on 12 and 19 June 2022 (next to be held in June 2027)election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by political caucus (party or group of parties) - NA ; composition - men 226, women 122, percent of women 35.1%National Assembly - percent of vote by party/coalition in the first round - ENS 25.8%, NUPES 25.7%, RN 18.7%, UDC 11.3%, other 18.5%; seats by party/coalition in the first round - NUPES 4, ENS 1; percent of vote in the second round - ENS 38.6%, NUPES 31.6%, RN 17.3%, UDC 7.3%, other 5.2%, seats by party/coalition in the second round - ENS 244, NUPES 127, RN 89, UDC 64, other 48, highest court(s): Court of Cassation or Cour de Cassation (consists of the court president, 6 divisional presiding judges, 120 trial judges, and 70 deputy judges organized into 6 divisions - 3 civil, 1 commercial, 1 labor, and 1 criminal); Constitutional Council (consists of 9 members)judge selection and term of office: Court of Cassation judges appointed by the president of the republic from nominations from the High Council of the Judiciary, presided over by the Court of Cassation and 15 appointed members; judges appointed for life; Constitutional Council members - 3 appointed by the president of the republic and 3 each by the National Assembly and Senate presidents; members serve 9-year, non-renewable terms with one-third of the membership renewed every 3 yearssubordinate courts: appellate courts or Cour d'Appel; regional courts or Tribunal de Grande Instance; first instance courts or Tribunal d'instance; administrative courtsnote: in April 2021, the French Government submitted a bill on judicial reform to Parliament, Citizen and Republican Movement or MRC [Jean-Luc LAURENT]Debout la France or DLF [Nicolas DUPONT-AIGNAN]Democratic Movement or MoDem [Francois BAYROU]Ecologist Pole or PEEurope Ecology - the Greens or EELV [vacant]French Communist Party or PCF [Fabien ROUSSEL]Horizons [Hubert VALADE]La France Insoumise or FI [Jean-Luc MELENCHON]La Republique en Marche! Then, in the wake of the two oil price rises of 1973 and 1979, demand stabilized, followed by a fall in the early 1980s until growth rates recovered after the mid-1980s. note: data are in current year dollars, Germany 14%, United States 8%, Italy 7%, Spain 7%, Belgium 7%, United Kingdom 7% (2019), aircraft, packaged medicines, cars and vehicle parts, gas turbines, wine (2019), $957.717 billion (2021 est.) )-7.78% (2020 est. The main natural resources of France are iron ore, salt, sulfur, bauxite, zinc, uranium, antimony, arsenic, potash, feldspar, fluorspar and gypsum. What Are The Major Natural Resources Of France? Above 600-800m altitudes, Frances mountain climate brings heavy rainfall, and snow three to six months ), $920.864 billion (2021 est.) (male 6,409,883/female 8,270,287), total dependency ratio: 63.1youth dependency ratio: 28.3elderly dependency ratio: 34.8potential support ratio: 2.9 (2021 est. arable land: 33.4% (2018 est.) WebFrance has few oil reserves, and production from wells in Aquitaine and the Paris Basin is extremely limited. Coal. )note: the above figure is for metropolitan France and five overseas regions; the metropolitan France population is 62,814,233, noun: Frenchman(men), Frenchwoman(women)adjective: French, Celtic and Latin with Teutonic, Slavic, North African (Algerian, Moroccan, Tunisian), Indochinese, Basque minoritiesnote: overseas departments: Black, White, Mulatto, East Indian, Chinese, Amerindian. The country also has substantial amounts of renewable energy and is known for its extensive timber and fishing industries. Sulfur is also another resource that is found in limited deposits of natural gas in Aquitaine.
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