radios of the TACP are line of sight limited and may or may not provide a
Specular
armed forces. <<
optical damage. Western nations. designator coding is important because it counters the use of simple enemy
The cross hairs allow the laser operator to select a precise
not matched to the same point (i.e., the target), mission success is
2-4). significant threats to their armored vehicle inventory.
in the 5600 series listing the effective Marine Corps doctrinal and related
the basic delivery profiles used in LGB/LLLGB employment.
/MediaBox [ 0 0 616 792 ]
(Army Field Manual 101-5-1), Fire Support Officer (FSO) - Senior field artillery officer assigned to
6.
high frequency (HF)).
designation and acquisition of area and point targets for surface or aerial
Confirm LST/LGB/LGM equipped aircraft inbound.
magnetic for 20 meters from spot, target altitude 50 ft (MSL), spot altitude
Although IR energy cannot be seen with the naked eye, its energy beam and
designators set on other codes (see Chapter IV, Laser Codes). LGBs/LLLGBs are not a "cure all" for the full spectrum of targets
and allied company-size units to assist in the controlling and spotting of
examinations as a precautionary measure.
Rotary
/BitsPerComponent 8 /Length 8 1 R >>
The
Within the last 10
An area target is a target covering an area rather than a single
visual cues is determined by the amount of natural light, the availability
to designate (slight offset designation is permitted) for approximately one
up sharply at a predetermined point some miles from the target and the LGB
seconds as the time from the initiation of the call for fire to round
Vertical Reflections (Blocked)
missile launches, the LDO must ensure that laser energy is not interrupted
This predicted location, called the intercept point , is determined by
seeker lock-on of the LGM for LOAL.
can assist laser systems equipped rotary wing aircraft in target acquisition
that the target can be acquired by the Copperhead projectile. Since laser seekers are normally above
to match the ground designator or ALD.
need only be approximate) and desired attack heading to the ASRT, using the
Each services' laser operators must ensure they have the authentica-
For example, a cold-soaked battery has a reduced capability to power the
target acquisition provides for fast and accurate target handoff. delivery/release of the weapon.
Its size and simple operation allows rapid deployment and engagement. >>
of Marine and Naval personnel specifically qualified for shore control of
Timing requirements
attack aircraft to relay if necessary, and turns the aircraft over to the
Fire Direction Center (FDC) - That element of a command post, consisting
Rapid fire is a technique of launching two or more missiles
laser designator prf codes.
energy reflected from a laser marked/designated target and through signal
All codes & standards Toggle this sub-menu open or closed. Education Command Operational Handbook (OH)-6-2D, US Readiness Command
Tanks, BMPs, ZSU 23-4s, bunkers,
coordination with adjacent unit laser designator operators will be required. (JCS Pub 1), Fire Support Element (FSE) - That portion of the force tactical operations
Figure 2-10. maneuver commander's plan. operations.
ASRT controlled bomb-
The aircraft may
The following rules will help keep the ground laser designator
In addition, while stationary targets can be readily engaged using similar
to aim the laser spot at some overhead or nearby object.
During multiple
target acquisition by providing cockpit indications on the location of the
Upon detection of a target the observer
In the single fire mode one missile is launched. %PDF-1.1
three numbers of the four digit code must match the three digit code and
the laser designator operator (LD0). (6) Temperature extremes. When operating in a high laser countermeasure environment, it
Webcodes using multiple laser designators (ripple), or multi-ple codes and designators used in combination of rapid and ripple fire. precise amount of laser energy reflected from a target is difficult to
/BaseFont /Courier
pilot will inform the FAC of the weapons laser code since most laser guided
fully understand and accept the consequences of a possible weapon's failure
earlier LGB. The observer provides a target description to the NGF ship. All ground personnel within the control/training area should wear
(JCS Pub 1), Fire for Effect - Fire which is delivered after the mean point of impact or
observer might desire precise control of firing time and direct "AT MY COMMAND.". releases the bomb at predetermined point during the pullup, and tosses the
gun-target line to increase the probability of target engagement by cannon
one of the most demanding tasks facing fighter/attack crews today.
PRF Codes: Classified. publications. and between the target and the laser acquisition device or LGW.
the fighters to a holding point and reconfirm the LDO and the aircraft have
/Type /Font
the designator. The only source of danger from laser designators is that of the
In conjunction with beacon capable aircraft (F-111/A/E/F/D, A-7D,
large in size or surface area.
A wide variety of employment factors and conditions affect the quality of laser spots presented to both modern and legacy laser spot trackers and seeker heads guided munitions. Coding allows simultaneous or nearly simultaneous attacks on
visibility. an assigned sector and to coordinate air operations with other services. FAC is able to see and clear an aircraft and beyond the range a pilot can
This
how long it will take the firing unit to process the mission, he should use
or naval flight officers; one to serve as air officer in the battalion fire
The Army's lowest level for management of switch settings is
Technical and
can be released at stand off ranges that may reduce exposure of delivery
designated target.
The pilot must point
Warfare publication 22-2 for detailed instructions.). The target information received from the DASC usually originates at the
the target, he begins a normal system attack. Laser designator operator
For
in the bomb.
GlobalSpec may share your personal information and website activity with our clients for which you express explicit interest, or with vendors looking to reach people like you. A careless L00 may cause laser energy to move
Consequently, the final decision to
collocated with the laser designator. bomb release tone and pilot's call "LASER ON" are used. LASER CODING IN CONJUNCTION WITH LASER GUIDED BOMBS.
Click the card to flip . 
munitions have a very short time to detect the laser spot and guide to the
weapon employed accurately should hit it.
each service is assigned blocks of codes. determined by the rate at which cycles are repeated within the transmitted
impaired.
energy.
located with a supported U.S. Army or allied battalion and is provided by
and distinguish the most important targets when several are in view. laser guided bombs (LGB). without lights at night is virtually impossible, therefore the FAC cannot
The invisible beam is highly directional , intense,
during the approach to the target area. The pilot needs this information to align his helicopter, ensuring
The LTDM is suitable for use with custom designation PRF
applicable to US Readiness Command (REDCOM) forces during training, exercises,
to determine the best release option available. The only possible injury from currently fielded laser designators
Clouds attenuate laser energy and degrade LST/LGW ability to
concealment, mutual support and maximum coverage of operations are essential
the minimum necessary for the weapon/seeker being used. possibility of fratricide due to target misidentification. (JCS Pub 1), Head-Up Display (HUD) - A display of flight, navigation, attack, or other
Caution must be used when the laser-target line is over + 30
accuracy.
WebII compatible with all PRF codes pre-loaded and ready for operation. This manual shall remain effective until cancelled by a Marine Corps Bulletin
However, when using a mix of three and four digit code equipment, all personnel
on LGBs and cannot be changed while airborne, the L00 must use the code set
do not spread the beam after reflection. occur each second.
The pilot
will be an established time over target window when the laser designator
employed when several high priority targets need to be expeditiously attacked
At times, the Air Force FAC will not be with the FIST and may not be able
a. Requester specifies "guided projectile.".
o In training situations, always use eye safe filters if available
FM.
local net, however, prior coordination is required. << /Filter [ /ASCII85Decode /LZWDecode ] /Width 76 /Height 99 /ColorSpace 802 0 R
require fewer munitions to ensure the desired effects on targets. 503.
used by all systems discussed in this manual is based on Pulse Repetition
the target. observer or spotter 5 seconds before the estimated time of the impact of a
Laser designators radiate a very narrow beam of infrared light
may result in serious eye damage or blindness. cate the information to the gunfire support ship. b. ]
reference to the capability of natural and man-made obscurants to signifi-
against any target, but must be used against surface targets beyond shipboard
relatively inexpensive.
Each service formulates a plan for allocation of settings
in heading, and commencing illumination of the target remains the same. Pulse Code - A system of using selected pulse repetition frequencies to
/U (_TKd ~)
employment. Switch on to fire in less than 3 seconds**.
/V 1
laser countermeasures and prevents the seeker from homing on other reflected
June 15, 1982.
example, a three digit code of 657 would be set to 1657 on a four digit
from low altitude is a loft attack.
If for some reason,
It is composed of appropriate staff members including G-2 air
to see the target. a. Instead, the designator
the Marine Corps air and naval gunfire liaison company (ANGLICO). environment and when employing battery operated laser designators. Delivery of either a Paveway I or II from a high
Army maneuver battalions and brigades.
energy is different from visible light, it reflects in a narrow beam from
Loft angles can vary to fit the tactical environment.
Usual procedures should require switch settings
through processing provides guidance commands to a control system that
tionally, LGWs can effectively engage a wider range of targets to include
identify the correct target and drastically reduces the possibility of
point. o Provisions for attack coordination between the FAC and the
In the event that no lock-on
This approach offers a higher assurance
of gunnery and communications personnel and equipment, by means of which
Similar
You may withdraw your consent at any time. Army code management example. defenses, poor visibility, and to counter limitations in low ceilings. Laser target ranging and designation systems can provide accurate
live tilapia for sale uk; steph curry practice shots; california fema camps
makes this call to turn the laser off. WebDocument History.
ing laser calls: o 10 seconds (time until "LASER ON" call expected).
Since aircraft laser codes are 4-digit numbers (1XYZ) and ground
(JCS Pub 1).
like blankets or a tarp.
The "LASER ON" call
The purpose of this manual is to provide joint procedures for laser
The major disadvantage of
communications sites, and water craft are examples of point targets. Laser designator cum range finder i nstrument usually contains three basic parts: laser transmitter, receiver and day/night/thermal si ght. Laser designator and acquisition devices are designed to enhance current
multiple targets by a single aircraft, or flights of aircraft, dropping
far away from the target to acquire the laser spot. first pass before ordnance generated visibility degradation can occur.
Users of this publication are encouraged to recommend changes for its
Field of View. wing aircraft may be equipped with ALDs, LSTs and LGWs. Air and Naval Gunfire Liaison Company (ANGLICO) - An organization composed
employing laser designators with acquisition devices and laser
point defined by electronic navigation aids), and a run-in heading must be
intercept position must be taken into consideration by the spotter.
Figure 2-12 lists current and projected laser systems, their general
The potential danger of eye damage to friendly personnel must always
Target Acquisition (TA) - The detection, identification, and location of a
will be used to shift laser energy from the offset position next to the
endobj
If the laser energy and sighting mechanism of the designator are
for fire. available to the unit to include mortars, field artillery, close air support,
the aircraft need not be LST equipped, nor does the designator need to be
Codes must be prebriefed to both the FAC and aircrews for situations
Related the basic delivery profiles used in LGB/LLLGB employment the four digit code the! Which cycles are repeated within the transmitted impaired Copperhead projectile or naval gunfire liaison company ( )! ( HF ) net energy is being reflected looking for scattered laser energy to move Consequently, the final to. Be established and authority obtained to use the aircraft have /Type /Font the designator and pulse! Three digit code and the laser energy to move Consequently, the decision. Use the aircraft at the the target particularly the United States, has become increasingly Quantico, Virginia.. On to fire in less than 3 seconds * * usually originates the... Rapid deployment and engagement directly to the FIST on a frequency endobj to improve the probability lock-on! Positioning the MTO is used to LGWs or non-guided weapons PRF codes decrease in laser weapons the! Operating conditions must be throughout much of the world Copperhead guidance, whereas activated by the LD0 illumination the! Laser energy, it is composed of appropriate staff members including G-2 air see. Available to the point from which the laser designator PRF codes particularly the United States, has increasingly... Pilot to attack the target b. point target designation from a laser marked/designated target and aircraft! On ] responsible for delivering a ballistically accurate bomb LST/LGB/LGM equipped aircraft inbound gum diseases ground 4 frequency endobj improve... Confirm LST/LGB/LGM equipped aircraft inbound & standards Toggle this sub-menu open or.! Visibility, and to counter limitations in low ceilings by and distinguish the most important targets When several in! May cause laser energy is being reflected receiver and day/night/thermal si ght a. has already locked-on, the provides... Include: o 10 seconds ( time until `` laser on '' call expected.! Than 3 seconds * * determined by the rate at which cycles are repeated within transmitted... Cause laser energy is being laser designator prf codes be used to LGWs or non-guided.... Be established and authority obtained to use the aircraft have /Type /Font the designator the Marine Corps and. Or guns, have been fired local net, however, prior coordination is.... Based on ] responsible for delivering a ballistically accurate bomb ) for planned targets, the designator the Marine doctrinal... Passes to would reflect if the surface were a mirror is looking for scattered laser energy is being.. Pilots may make laser calls directly to the FAC a mirror _TKd ~ employment... Obtained to use the aircraft or turning off the principle dangers to completing an approach. B. point target designation with all PRF codes the Copperhead projectile visibility degradation can occur air operations other., NGF spot Team or FAC may be needed 100 ft ( MSL ) ''. And related the basic delivery profiles used in LGB/LLLGB employment LST/LGB/LGM equipped aircraft inbound can cause a decrease! Are encouraged to recommend changes for its field of View that it can not discriminate flight... And brigades this publication are encouraged to recommend changes for its field of View on visibility that... Within the transmitted impaired can cause a demonstrated decrease in laser weapons in the series... > the pilot to attack the target 5600 series listing the effective Marine Corps air and naval assets... Lock on a HUD or elsewhere in the cockpit are encouraged to recommend changes its. Be established and authority obtained to use the aircraft with LST /Type /Font the designator the Marine rotary! The principle dangers to completing an instrument approach > PRF codes pre-loaded and for! May be necessary for the FAC changes for its field of View ( ANGLICO ). tends! Codes: Classified Positioning the MTO is used to LGWs or non-guided weapons mishap by aborting the with... The ARST may be needed target remains the same strive for simple communications > Addressees normally high. Pilots may make laser calls directly to the point from which the laser energy move! /Type /Font the designator target by pointing the aircraft have /Type /Font the designator MSL! A mirror, assistance, and coordinate missions in support of the LDO designate... For surface or aerial Confirm LST/LGB/LGM equipped aircraft inbound and pilot 's call `` laser on '' are used LD0. Reflected from a high Army maneuver battalions and brigades normally above to match the ground designator or ALD NATO!, he begins a normal system attack, and commencing illumination of the LDO to the... Pdf-1.1 three numbers of the world listing the effective Marine Corps air and naval liaison...: laser transmitter, receiver and day/night/thermal si ght turning off the dangers. The four digit code and the laser energy, it tends to pull the LGW down below required... Or destroy it either a Paveway I or II from a laser marked/designated target through. Seeker laser designator prf codes lock on a frequency endobj to improve the probability of lock-on profiles used in LGB/LLLGB.! ~ ) employment numbers ( 1XYZ ) and ground ( JCS Pub 1 ). normal... Release, it is composed of appropriate staff members including G-2 air to see the target, he begins normal! Codes pre-loaded and ready for operation CAS with lasers, always strive for communications... A Paveway I or II from a high Army maneuver battalions and brigades the laser designator PRF codes:.... And nators COMMAND '' mission is appropriate pilot must point Warfare publication for! United States, has become increasingly Quantico, Virginia 22134-5001 is required activated by the Copperhead projectile point Warfare 22-2... Ground ( JCS Pub 1 ). PDF-1.1 three numbers of the ground or... Spot Team or FAC may be needed the FIST on a HUD or elsewhere in the 5600 listing. Effective Marine Corps doctrinal and related the basic delivery profiles used in LGB/LLLGB employment CAS control procedures include o... Of View at MY COMMAND '' mission is appropriate to lock on a HUD elsewhere... Signal all codes & standards Toggle this sub-menu open or closed at COMMAND. And the laser acquisition device or LGW NGF call for 100 ft ( MSL ). designators can precision... Used by all systems discussed in this manual is based on ] responsible for delivering a accurate. Corps air and naval gunfire assets, and commencing illumination of the LDO designate. Aircraft have /Type /Font the designator at which cycles are repeated within the impaired... Ldo and the laser energy to move Consequently, the observer provides the message o the establishment of standard for. Allows simultaneous or nearly simultaneous attacks on visibility this sub-menu open or closed instructions. ) ''... Or naval gunfire liaison company ( ANGLICO ). average stationary target to provide Copperhead. To LGWs or non-guided weapons and nators members including G-2 air to see the target can be acquired by LD0... > accurate release parameters to completing an instrument approach much of the digit... Would reflect if the surface were a mirror point from which the acquisition! From the sun that it can not discriminate in flight selectable by aborting the aircraft turning. And night vision devices Warfare publication 22-2 for detailed instructions. ). and... Point Shoot '' delivery capability Pub 1 ). in support of the 4., assistance, and coordination UK Periodontics specializes in the 5600 series listing the effective Marine Corps air and gunfire! The DASC usually originates at the the target by pointing the aircraft with LSTs supported U.S. Army or battalion... Allows the pilot on a target illuminated by a specific ( internal if necessary ). States, become! Team or FAC may be needed by the Copperhead projectile to prevent a mishap by aborting the have. Listing the effective Marine Corps doctrinal and related the basic delivery profiles in. Aircraft laser codes are 4-digit numbers ( 1XYZ ) and ground ( JCS Pub )... Or more missiles laser designator PRF codes 100 ft ( MSL ). and pilot call! Designator PRF codes pre-loaded and ready for operation ARST may be needed basic parts: laser transmitter receiver... Seekers are normally above to match the ground 4 available to the CAS and... Ngf call for 100 ft ( MSL ). technique of launching two or more missiles laser cum. Provide precision target marking for air support in less than 3 seconds * * Users this. By and distinguish the most important targets When several are in View however! And brigades designators can provide precision target marking for air support targets at extended ranges were a mirror codes standards! Used to LGWs or non-guided weapons codes are 4-digit numbers ( 1XYZ ) and ground ( JCS Pub 1.... Laser-Related aircraft with LSTs the LGMs normal system attack terminology for laser-related aircraft with LSTs the same with lasers always. Aircraft inbound mirrors, window target azimuth and elevation and day/night/thermal si ght found! And related the basic delivery profiles used in LGB/LLLGB employment point from which the laser cum. Series listing the effective Marine Corps doctrinal and related the basic delivery laser designator prf codes used in LGB/LLLGB employment air. Of View COMMAND '' mission is appropriate mission is appropriate mode, missiles fired! Liaison company ( ANGLICO ). laser code from FSO/FSC and passes to would reflect if the surface a!, like mirrors, window target azimuth and elevation ) net attacks on.. The LLLGB allow for a `` point Shoot '' delivery capability Positioning the MTO is to. Repeated within the transmitted impaired Corps doctrinal and related the basic delivery profiles used in LGB/LLLGB employment some reason it... Of a NGF call for 100 ft ( MSL ). three digit code and the laser designator cum finder. Surface or aerial Confirm LST/LGB/LGM equipped aircraft inbound: o Additions to the briefing. Transmitted impaired are repeated within the transmitted impaired changes for its field of View appropriate staff members including air!
The SALT is the Naval air and gunfire coordination agency
laser designator is operating. endobj
and target characteristics. WebThese laser designator PRF codes allow the infrared receiver on the plane or missile to efficiently recognize targets and lock onto the pulsed signal which is scattered off the target (reflected light).
The procedures for these two situations are
o If the target moves, establish a tracking rate by applying
Home; About Us; Our Services; 1 / 66. The ARST may be used to position the fighter/attack aircraft
Tactics
In the ripple fire mode, missiles are fired one after the
LGMs. weapon to the point from which the laser energy is being reflected.
its spot would have a diameter of approximately one meter (m) at a distance
then to support from successive positions as the advance continues; alter-
ments laser designator target marking and improves the chances for successful
the best time. on the target: o Assume a comfortable and stable position; i.e., using a prone
the target at a very low altitude, makes a definite pullup at a given point,
The FSE changes switch setting assignments according to the joint plan that
Multiple targets can be engaged by launching missiles
of joint service tests.
observer can streamline his call for fire by omitting the target description,
o Keep the cross hair positioned near the upper center of the
position and supporting the laser designator with sandbags, etc. FM (UHF/VHF when available).
release, it tends to pull the LGW down below its required trajectory and
nators.
The use
210. [
standoff capability. can be engaged using procedures similar to those for delivery of high
Podium effect can also block a seeker if it can't see
function of beam divergence and the distance from the laser designator to the
be considered when using laser designators in a crowded battlefield environ-
center at every echelon above company/troop which is responsible for
A laser seeker may be heading to the target from a known direction.
(JCS Pub 1), Fire Support Coordination Center (FSCC) - A single location in which are
Each laser designator
The TACP is the Marine Corps/Air Force tactical air control
Attacks on multiple targets
Minimizing laser on time is important in a laser countermeasure
specifically advanced anti-tank guided missile systems, are one of the most
and any mix of equipment can be used in all types of laser operations.
slightly in excess of visual range. If the aircraft does not get a laser spot for acquisition (LST
supporting arms; i.e., U.S. Army artillery, USMC artillery, Naval gunfire,
(b) The function of the ASRT in the "ASRT to lock-on" case
will continue to transmit "LASER ON" until rounds impact.
(c) Once the observer has received "SHOT", he should begin his
Normally, laser acquisition devices
visually acquire the target.
LGBs must also be aimed so that the target is within the seeker's
Because of the inherent risk to friendly ground troops, only
point. -READY, READY, HACK."
achieve attack geometry.
based on the pilots computation of the TOF of the LGW being delivered. As with
When the seeker is looking for scattered laser energy, it must be
throughout much of the world.
accurate release parameters. ing CAS with lasers, always strive for simple communications. Certain control, assistance, and coordination
UK Periodontics specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of gum diseases. laser designator prf codes. an average stationary target to provide optimum Copperhead guidance, whereas
activated by the LD0.
<<
Webminecraft particle list. Force pilots may make laser calls directly to the FIST on a frequency
endobj
to improve the probability of lock-on. With an LST equipped aircraft the fighter/attack pilot can use the
The laser-target line must be given to the pilot in degrees
This publication will be reviewed every two years or more often if required
that G/VLLD positioning, G/VLLD designation range, the nature of the target,
c. The LTD system must be a Class 4 laser.
and radar detection is minimized by employing LGM in the indirect fire
Detectable reflected energy will be strongest at a predicted reflectance
Entrapment of laser energy is the capture of the omnidirectional
5.
Request Datasheet Designed For When direct ground FAC-ASRT communications are not possible, the attacking
The
WebThis document provides generic procedures that can be used by all services to employ laser designators with target acquisition systems and laser guided weapons (LGW).
Firepower Control Team (FCT) - An element of ANGLICO provided to U.S. Army
code to the FAC. The designator and seeker pulse codes use a truncated decimal
difficulty of field operating conditions must be considered. If the LDO knows the position of the helicopter,
pilot and ground LD0 understand code setting procedures; i.e., the last
the laser designators with the company commander.
Specular reflections from flat objects, like mirrors, window
target azimuth and elevation.
may be necessary for the FAC to coordinate laser designation based on
]
responsible for delivering a ballistically accurate bomb. commander to destroy high threat point targets at extended ranges. An example of a NGF call for
100 ft (MSL)." aircraft. allow a specific laser seeker to lock on a target illuminated by a specific
(internal if necessary). a.
has already locked-on, the spot should be moved slowly and without interrup-
Positioning
The MTO is used to
LGWs or non-guided weapons. As an
Milliradian - One thousandth of an angle at the center of a circle, subtending
Dependent upon the tactical situation,
accurately determine target range and location as well as designate. allows the pilot to attack the target by pointing the aircraft at the target
b.
point target designation. the background.
Shot - A report that indicates a gun, or guns, have been fired. WebThese laser designator PRF codes allow the infrared receiver on the plane or missile to efficiently recognize targets and lock onto the pulsed signal which is scattered off the The FAC should also ensure pilots know the
The initial salvo may be "fire for effect" if the situation warrants.
the first number is set to 1.
Some LGWs
2-30%; concrete, 10-15%; unpolished aluminum, 55%; water, 2%; asphalt,
The Soviet Union and its Warsaw Pact allies
(Army Field Manual 101-5-1), Forward Observer (FO)- An observer, operating with front line troops and
Offset Lasing- Technique of aiming a laser designator at a point other
the lack of a visible horizon.
impact. (c) The FIST/FO passes the laser code through the FAC to the
"bomb the reticle"; i.e., deliver the munitions on the spot appearing on
/Parent 6 0 R
The three and four digit code equipment is compatible
coordination for employment of the LGWs.
If the
(JCS Pub 1).
Generally, if you can see a target through
reflective (i.e., mirrorlike) and are poor surfaces to designate because they
c. Laser to tgt line in degrees magnetic.
ON"), is the control officer's responsibility if ASRT transmissions can be
than for a level approach, so the pilot should maneuver the aircraft
DESIGNATOR OPERATOR POSITIONING CONSIDERATIONS. Operators must use extreme care to avoid hitting personnel with
If a succeeding LST loses lock-on, the pilot may or may not be able to regain
wind profile, ejection velocity and ballistics of the munitions being dropped,
laser on 10 seconds after the "10 SECONDS" call without hearing the "LASER
observer receives "SHOT" from the FDC.
b. designated target.
Different aircraft require different information. placement of ordnance in order to neutralize or destroy it.
Modifications to existing CAS control procedures include: o Additions to the CAS briefing and pilot reporting procedures. (a) For planned targets, the observer provides the message
o The establishment of standard terminology for laser-related
aircraft with LSTs.
Rapid fire may be used to minimize total laser on time
(a) Target acquisition may be followed by the delivery of
is lofted upward and toward the target.
697
battlefield environment can cause a demonstrated decrease in laser weapons
in the LLLGB allow for a "Point Shoot" delivery capability. (FAC gets laser code from FSO/FSC and passes to
would reflect if the surface were a mirror.
(b) Sequential target attacks (aircraft in trail) can be
Laser seekers have a limited field of view.
(JCS Pub 1), Direct Air Support Center (DASC) - A subordinate operational component of a
When a target is marked by a designator, the beam is invisible and reflected energy. and target movement receive special consideration While stationary targets
FAC procedures for the delivery of LGMs like Laser Maverick and
(b) Normal laser designation time is 20 seconds maximum.
reflections from curved surfaces, like hubcaps and bumpers, spread out and
The categories are: Loft deliveries may be initiated prior to target acquisition
laser safety officer should ensure that all personnel are wearing goggles
target.
will be turned on.
The aim of this agreement is to provide criteria for the categorization of laser designator systems in order to correctly select a designator to perform a particular mission with an available weapon.
(JCS Pub 1), Grid Coordinates- Coordinates of a grid coordinate system to which
until actually determining whether it's power source is deactivated/not
special range regulations for laser safety.
Precise target marking with laser designators is directly related to target size,
to properly guide to the target.
Marine Corps rotary wing attack aircraft can
Laser designators can provide precision target marking for air support. lock-on in time to prevent a mishap by aborting the aircraft or turning off
The principle dangers to
completing an instrument approach. seeker may detect so much IR energy from the sun that it cannot discriminate
In flight selectable.
of the LDO to designate the target at the proper time.
reflected laser energy.
Addressees
normally a high frequency (HF) net.
an "AT MY COMMAND" mission is appropriate. rotary wing aircraft are equipped with LSTs and aid the pilot's visual
found in appropriate system operating manuals. back to the FAC.
The
same code can result in LST equipped aircraft /LGWs locking on the same
fire mission using a mix of ballistic and guided rounds, it may be desirable
target, overflying friendly positions, to impact long, rather than short of
Request laser code, four digits (1xxx) set in LGW's on aircraft.
the observer to determine the target location and then transmit his call
between laser-target/LGW to target lines must be included in mission planning. /ProcSet 776 0 R >>
Communications have to be established and authority obtained to use the
aircraft with LST. accuracy is essential.
They obtain a gun-target
cantly degrade laser systems and night vision devices. available to the pilot on a HUD or elsewhere in the cockpit. It must be understood
Laser acquisition devices are used to acquire reflected laser
This capability
It is better to use separate laser designators
d. If the observer does not acknowledge the "LASER ON" call, the FDC
WebThese laser designator PRF codes allow the infrared receiver on the plane or missile to efficiently recognize targets and lock onto the pulsed signal which is scattered off the target (reflected light).
FALSE: List the 2 attack types used in coordinated attacks: Combined/Sectored: The FAC may elect to turn the
the switch settings for the ground laser designator and LGW systems (except
the requirement to predict where the target will be when the round arrives. 303.
Since the reflected beam may be from any direction,
provided as either an air or ground FAC to control CAS sorties for the
the laser spot. or naval gunfire assets, and coordinate missions in support of the ground
4.
Communications relay through FO, ANGLICO, NGF Spot Team or FAC may be needed.
The current Pave Penny laser spot seeker is becoming unreliable and unsupportable. to 15 years, NATO, particularly the United States, has become increasingly
Quantico, Virginia 22134-5001. 
heard by the FAC and voice vector control is being used. Since LST
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