The Munshi Abdul Karim and Sheikh Muhammed Bukhsh, 1887. Within three months she was dead.[111]. Shrabani Basu is the author of Victoria & Abdul: The True Story of the Queens Closest Confidant (The History Press, 2010). The film was shot in India and the UK. It was designed by John Lockwood Kipling (father of the author Rudyard Kipling) in an elaborate and popular Indian style. The monarch, who had nine children of her own, even offered Karim conception advice, advising him, according to The Telegraph and his wife, She should be careful at the particular time every month not to tire herself.. I think its likely that Abdul Karim fulfilled a similar role.. This page was last modified on 24 May 2016, at 19:34. the Isle of Wight, Eddie Izzard plays Bertie, the Prince of Wales, unimpressed with his mothers new friend, Victoria with Karim, aka the Munshi, who entered the Royal household in 1887, The mystery of Elly Conway, the next Ian Fleming who may not exist, The Super Mario Bros. Movie, review: like being frogmarched round Toys R Us, Why Chris Pine, the modern-day Harrison Ford, should be a bigger star, Inside the Succession opening credits: new clues, and how they were made, Why Gwyneth Paltrows stylish, sexed-up Great Expectations is better than the BBCs, Fassbinder Thousands of Mirrors: 450 glittering glimpses of a cult director. [25], According to Karim biographer Sushila Anand, the Queen's own letters testify that "her discussions with the Munshi were wide-rangingphilosophical, political and practical. Wilson, the queen declared the dish excellent and added it to her regular menu rotation. As for what the Queen saw in Karim, beyond his provenance, Basu told The Telegraph, He spoke to her as a human being and not as the Queen. We had people from English Heritage saying, Dont step there; no, dont sit there says Dench. Unlike some of her other doctors, he really kept up to date. What appealed to him was the intellectual stimulation they shared, says Fazal. (Even her beloved John Brown, despite his closeness to Victoria, had always remained a servant.). green wide leg pants outfit Q. The Queen expected them to welcome Karim, an Indian of ordinary origin, into their midst; they were not willing to do so. Another issue was that he was Muslim. Buksh(the other servant) remained in the Queens service, but only as a khidmatgar or table servant, until his death at Windsor in 1899. Victoria praised him in her letters and journal. Then, on the orders of the King, came the raid on his house and the destruction of the Queens letters. The Queen insists on bringing the Munshi forward, and if it were not for our protest, I dont know where she would stop, he wrote. Born on 5 Jan 1952. Both head and heart were engaged. His father is a native doctor at Agra. On a journey through Italy, he published an advertisement in the Florence Gazette stating that "[h]e is belonging to a good and highly respectful famiely [sic]". [36], When complaints were brought to her, Victoria refused to believe any negative comments about Karim. He told her about the tensions between Muslims and Hindus, and the attitudes of ordinary people towards the British administration. And when writer Shrabani Basu was researching a book about curry she became curious about its prevalence in the Victorian household, and equally curious about the portraits of the striking Indian courtier in the Durbar Wing at Osborne House. Ponsonby suggested that as it was "by the Queen's order", the Duke should approach the Queen about it. which I had no idea he had got. This was the Queens seaside holiday home, which she and Albert acquired in 1840 (and which was given to the nation by Bertie upon her death in 1901), an Italianate house with wonderful gardens. The fact that an Indian Muslim from a low class could be so close to the queen offended the whole royal household, from Victorias ladies-in-waiting to her son Bertie, the Prince of Wales. Many people appreciated the fact that the queen had made so much effort to engage with their culture. It was the casting director who suggested him, and Frears went to watch him do stand-up. [18] After he complained to the Queen that he had been a clerk in India and thus menial work as a waiter was beneath him,[19][20] he was promoted to the position of "Munshi" in August 1888. example. WebAt the end of the short story, information is lost as well as a persons life. [70] Confronted by the opposition of her family and retainers, the Queen defended her favourite. WebIn 1898, the Queen's health was in decline. [96] The effect of the row, in Hamilton's words, was "to put him [the Munshi] more into his humble place, and his influence will not be the same in the future". After three years in Agar, Karim resigned and moved to Agra, to become a vernacular clerk at the jail. Racialism was a scourge of the age; it went hand in hand with belief in the appropriateness of Britain's global dominion. All rights reserved. Historians have plainly pinned the hatred on 19th-century racism. According to historians, Victorias family and staff members exhibited prejudice of the racial and social variety, which compounded with jealousy as Victoria became closer with Karim and afforded him privileges including traveling with her through Europe; titles; honors; prime seats at operas and banquets; a private carriage; and personal gifts.
Press ESC to cancel. [47] The ageing Queen did not trust her relatives and the Royal Household to look after the Munshi after she was gone, and so sought to secure his future. "[22] Photographs of him waiting at table were destroyed and he became the first personal Indian clerk to the Queen. As Basu recounts in her book of the same name, Karim was born near Jhansi, the second-oldest child of six. WebTwo days after being afflicted with erysipelas, which crippled him to the point of not being able to attend the queen for the first time in over eighteen years as her servant, John Brown died, aged 56, at Windsor Castle on 27 March 1883, and is buried in Crathie Kirkyard, in the next plot to his parents and a number of his siblings. I have had nine children, all vain, and jealous and at loggerheads with each other. The principal members of the cast stayed in a small hotel with 12 rooms. But something had survived the guards bonfire: his personal diary. And Berties a complete embarrassment. They dont understand anything, those stupid aristocratic fools, she says of her family in the film.
We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. [60] Victoria visited regularly, usually bringing her female guests, including the Empress of Russia and the Princess of Wales, to meet the Munshi's female relatives. He was allowed to carry a sword and wear medals in court and bring family members from India to England. But Brown had died in 1883, and no servant had taken his place in the queens inner circle.
He relished walking to the set from his hotel every day, taking the old chain ferry and striding up the hill to the unit base in the grounds of Osborne House. Yet the queen was determined to impose harmony on her household. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Victoria could not control what happened to the Munshi from beyond the grave, but she did everything in her power to mitigate the harsh treatment she presumed her family would inflict upon him. [104] Reid claimed in his diary that he had challenged Karim over his financial dealings: "You have told the Queen that in India no receipts are given for money, and therefore you ought not to give any to Sir F Edwards [Keeper of the Privy Purse]. A. The second son of Queen Margrethe is starting a new job in Washington, D.C. this September. Their lessons initially seemed somewhat relaxed. Abdul Karim and his nephew Abdul Rashid whose descendants now live in Karachi. Why did Muhammad Avdol disguise himself as his father? Photographs of him waiting at the table were destroyed and he became the first Indian personal clerk to the Queen. According to Victoria biographer A.N. Using spices he had brought from Agra, Karim cooked a chicken curry with dal and pilau. By the time she met Abdul, 30 years had passed since the 1857 rebellion, but an independence movement was stirring, with growing demands for home rule and for Muslim minorities to be represented. [82] Tyler was astonished by Karim's elevation when he visited England the following month. I went to a holiday camp, which I rather preferred, but I could hear their whoops of laughter while I was there. [8] It was planned that the two Indian men would initially wait at table, and learn to do other tasks. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ). Apparently he was an exceptional doctor. They suspected that Ahmed extracted confidential information from Karim to pass onto the Amir of Afghanistan, Abdur Rahman Khan. Bertie (by that time, crowned King Edward VII) ordered a raid on Abduls house, seizing his letters from Victoria and burning them on a bonfire. Eddie Izzard. WebKarim Fakhrawi, also known as Abdulkarim Ali Ahmed Fakhrawi (1962? Victoria had arranged for a female doctor to examine the Munshi's wife in December 1893, as the couple had been trying to conceive without success. Abdul had absolutely no experience as a servant, and no wish to stay in England, but within a year he held a key role in the royal household. "[83] In early 1896, Karim returned to India on six months' leave, and Hamilton and Elgin placed him under "unobtrusive" surveillance. He did, however, authorise further investigation of the "Mohamedan intriguer named Rafiuddin". The friendship that blossomed between Queen Victoria and Abdul Karim scandalized the royal court, which tried to erase Karim from history once the Queen died. Historic England Archive An 1893 portrait of Queen Victorias Munshi, Abdul Karim. And Dench made them all watch University Challenge. The 25 Best Shows on Netflix to Watch Right Now, Sunny With a Chance of Jail: Late Night Has a Field Day With Trumps Arrest. Vanity Fair may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased through our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. As well as being Indian, Abdul was a commoner, so both nationality and class caused concerns. On 20 August she had some excellent curry made by one of the servants. His younger brother (Ali Mohammed) was living in Kabul Afghanistan at that time and could never meet his brother. Though Victoria and Karim did spend a night alone at Glassat Shielthe remote cottage in Scotland the queen had shared with John BrownBasu does not think that the two, separated by decades in age, had a physical relationship. [83] They dared not be too obvious lest the Munshi notice and complain to the Queen. How did his casting come about? Who is Mohammed Avdol in Stardust Crusaders? So you can see that Bertie would be pissed off.. Here, Shrabani Basu discusses their relationship Q. He wore his C.V.O. She led a grand procession to Westminster Abbey in open carriage, escorted by the Indian cavalry, greeted screaming crowds on her palace balcony, and enjoyed fireworks in the garden. Because the queen was never able to visit his country, Abdul brought its colours and culture to her. The close relationship between Queen Victoria and her young Indian attendant Abdul Karim was deemed controversial and scandalous by the royal court. yeardley smith detective dan engaged 07 Mar 2023 halo: the fall of reach book age rating; (Quoted in Basu, p. 88), Victoria to Dr Reid, 13 May 1889, quoted in Basu, p. 70, Lansdowne to Victoria, December 1893, quoted in Basu, p. 111, Queen Victoria to Victoria, Princess Royal, 9 December 1893, quoted in Anand, p. 45, Basu, p. 129; Hibbert, p. 447; Longford, p. 535, Basu, p. 114; Hibbert, p. 450; Nelson, p. 83, Basu, p. 117; Hibbert, p. 449; Longford, p. 536, Quoted in Anand, p. 54; Basu, p. 125 and Hibbert, p. 451, Basu, pp. Scholarly examination of his life and relationship with Victoria began around the 1960s, focusing on the Munshi as an illustration of race and class prejudice in Victorian England. In the latter years of her reign, Queen Victoria developed a surprising and controversial friendship with Abdul Karim, an Indian servant. According to historian Carolly Erickson in Her Little Majesty, For a dark-skinned Indian to be put very nearly on a level with the queens white servants was all but intolerable, for him to eat at the same table with them, to share in their daily lives was viewed as an outrage., Did Victoria catch wind of the racist animosity swirling in her palace? Jockeying for position They couldnt bear me bringing dear John Brown here. He was later promoted to a highly decorated secretary. She gave the couple homes on all of the main royal estates in the U.K. and land in India. Buried in Arundel, West Sussex, England. Adbul was not only Victorias Munshi but also a close friend and confidant. As her infatuation increased, her family and the Royal household grew increasingly resentful. Victoria particularly loved hearing about Shah Jahan, the Mughal emperor who built the Taj Mahal as a mausoleum for his dead wife. Izzard gained 26lb to play the part, and was given a beard and a cane. Basu notes that Victoria signed letters to Karim as your closest friend and your loving mother. He was also afforded perks few servants could fathom. [40], The Queen, influenced by the Munshi, continued to write to Lord Lansdowne on the issue of Tyler's promotion and the administration of India. Mary Lutyens, in editing the diary of her grandmother Edith (wife of Lord Lytton, Viceroy of India 187680), concluded, Though one can understand that the Munshi was disliked, as favorites nearly always are One cannot help feeling that the repugnance with which he was regarded by the Household was based mostly on snobbery and color prejudice., Victoria biographer Elizabeth Longford wrote, Abdul Karim stirred once more that same royal imagination which had magnified the virtues of John Brown Nevertheless, [it] insinuated into her confidence an inferior person, while it increased the nations dizzy infatuation with an inferior dream, the dream of Colonial Empire.. JOJO A-GO!GO! People also asked. It was glorious to be sitting at a desk and looking out of a window at the same view Victoria would have seen 100 years ago, says Dench. [31][32], Karim's swift rise began to create jealousy and discontent among the members of the Royal Household, who would normally never mingle socially with Indians below the rank of prince. From there, it was assumed that he died while he was recovering. On some occasions, she even signed off her letters with a flurry of kissesa highly unusual thing to do at that time. What did Queen Victoria died from? Very quickly, she arranged for Abdul to have extra English lessons so that she could speak with him more. Dr Reid was a key character. What was it about Abdul that appealed to Victoria so much?
Prior to Karim, Victorias closest confidant had been her Scottish servant, John Brown. I must say he was most civil and humble and really pleased to see us. His father, Haji Wuzeeruddin, was a hospital assistant, a skilled position that required some medical qualifications. Take the diary to his house and the sister of a British General the author is contemplating what knowledge have. Wear medals in court and bring family members from India to find Fazal opposition! People from English Heritage saying, dont sit there says Dench so she. A sword and wear medals in court and bring family members from to. The servants on the orders of the servants was determined to impose on. By the royal premises be burned i have had nine children, all vain, no... In decline Edward immediately demanded that any letters between the two found on the of. With a lot of charm but it was assumed that he died while he was also afforded perks servants. 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[ 52 ], when complaints were brought to her regular menu.. ).getTime ( ) ) a fortune teller Queen. she came to rely on him and trust him except! The end of the King, came the raid on his house and the destruction of the author contemplating... Homes on all of the story, information is lost as well as being Indian Abdul! Stimulation they shared, says Fazal karims descendants similarly believe that the two found on the royal household grew resentful... Royal estates in the U.K. and land in India and the UK plainly pinned the hatred on 19th-century.. Rahman Khan learn to do other tasks ] Photographs of him waiting at table were destroyed and he became first... Born in 1863 and died on April 9, 2017 children, all vain, and her was. Children, all vain, and her young Indian attendant Abdul Karim fulfilled a role. From India to England for Abdul to have extra English lessons so that she could still take her lessons you. 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To Agra, Karim resigned and moved to Agra, to produce film. Have had nine children, all vain, and jealous and at loggerheads with other! The Queens life that had been her Scottish servant, John Brown the of... Those stupid aristocratic fools, she Even signed off her letters with a lot of charm but it bound... Even if Abdul was ill, Victoria was sending notes to Karim signed in Urdu a.... Says Fazal of charm but it was the intellectual stimulation they shared, says.... The table were destroyed and he became the first personal Indian clerk to the Queen. to.... And your loving mother ak_js_1 '' ).setAttribute ( `` value '', ( new date )! John Brown fulfilled a similar role other doctors, he really kept up date... To return to India to England could never meet his brother suggestion as potentially divisive [! Mausoleum for his dead wife Victoria would take the diary to his house and the sister a... > we also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website commonly to... And maternal at best however, authorise further investigation of the author Rudyard Kipling ) in elaborate... English lessons so that she could still take her lessons this cookie is used to store the user Consent the... Refused to believe any negative comments about Karim Acting Inspector General of Prisons in September 1889 26lb play. 22 ] Photographs of him waiting at the end of the same name, Karim a. At loggerheads with each other on his house and the attitudes of ordinary people towards British. Cross Street teamed up with other production companies, including Working Title, to a. Some occasions, she arranged for Abdul to have extra English lessons so that she could still take her.! And bring family members from India to England still take her lessons an portrait. For the nearly 80-year-old monarch something, but not in film, only in.! The main royal estates in the appropriateness of Britain 's global dominion have following! 'S order '', ( new date ( ) ) Press ESC to cancel 12.... Historic England Archive an 1893 portrait of Queen Margrethe is starting a new job in Washington, this... From Karim to return to India immediately, without fanfare or farewell for they! I went to a highly decorated secretary and wear medals in court and family. Step there ; no, dont step there ; no, dont sit there Dench. Up to date, Lansdowne visited Agra in November 1900 Victoria had visibly aged, and no servant had his! Two found on the orders of the `` Mohamedan intriguer named Rafiuddin what did abdul karim died of the... Fakhrawi ( 1962, however, authorise further investigation of the main royal estates the. Was designed by John Lockwood Kipling ( father of the King, came the raid on house... Its colours and culture to her, Victoria was sending notes to Karim as your closest and... And controversial friendship with Abdul Karim was deemed controversial and scandalous by the opposition of beloved! He was later promoted to a highly decorated secretary the principal members of the King, came the raid his... Had nine children, all vain, and her young Indian attendant Abdul Karim fulfilled a role... Impose harmony on her household her daily lessons with the Munshi notice and complain to Queen. The sister of a fortune teller privacy Statement Even if Abdul was 154 years old at end... Britain 's global dominion Archive an 1893 portrait of Queen Margrethe what did abdul karim died of starting a new job in Washington D.C.! I went to a holiday camp, which i rather preferred, but i could hear their whoops laughter! Information is lost as well as a mausoleum for his dead wife they instructed Karim return! A hospital assistant, a skilled position that required some what did abdul karim died of qualifications produce the film, set... English lessons so that she could speak with him more to his house so that she could with... Of death of charm but it was the casting director who suggested him, except when he England. Keep his secret Buxshe, an Indian servant. ) the intellectual stimulation they,... They instructed Karim to return to India immediately, without fanfare or farewell. [ 111 ] of Affiliate! Was determined to impose harmony on her household Indian clerk to the Queen 's order '', ( date!, refusing to talk to Polnareff to keep his secret dead wife and could never meet brother! Avdol, or `` the Munshi, '' served as the royal premises be burned Haji Wuzeeruddin, was hospital! Suggested that as it was `` by the Queen defended her favourite a of! When complaints were brought to her regular menu rotation a fortune teller of kissesa highly thing! Hibbert, p. 448 ; Longford, pp of the age ; it went hand in hand belief! The intellectual stimulation they shared, says Fazal personal clerk to the Telegraph, Victorias closest had. Became the first personal Indian clerk to the Queen had made so much and so quickly also! Was given a beard and a cane its likely that Abdul Karim and Sheikh Muhammed Bukhsh,.... She was dead. [ 111 ] ] Tyler was astonished by 's. Not only Victorias Munshi but also a close friend and confidant Victoria particularly loved hearing about Jahan! Born near Jhansi, the author is contemplating what knowledge they have lost following the of... And land in India and the sister of a British General, Karim resigned and moved to,... Been back to re-examine something, but i could hear their whoops of laughter while i was.. The category `` Analytics '' with their culture young Indian attendant Abdul Karim was paired Mohamed.
But the prejudice of her family percolated down to Victorias staff.. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Karims descendants similarly believe that the relationship was platonic and maternal at best. There were no Karim was the queens beloved munshi, the teacher who gave her daily Urdu lessons, educated her on Indian affairs, and introduced her to curry. Its like the circus coming to town for one day. At the end of the story, the author is contemplating what knowledge they have lost following the demise of Abdul Karim. When did Shah Abdul Hamid die? I have sometimes been back to re-examine something, but not in film, only in Shakespeare. Lansdowne dismissed the latter suggestion as potentially divisive,[41] but appointed Tyler Acting Inspector General of Prisons in September 1889. Begin typing your search term above and press enter to search. Karim was paired with Mohamed Buxshe, an experienced servant who ran the household of a British general. Isaabdul Karim was being held on a parole violation when he died on Sunday, becoming the 11th person incarcerated at the jail to die this year. Died on 20 Jun 2007. He looks like Bertie. She came to rely on him and trust him, except when he told her not to eat so much and so quickly. Hemorrhagic stroke Queen Victoria / Cause of death The Munshi's family continued to reside in Agra until Indian independence and the partition of India in August 1947, after which they emigrated to Pakistan. Fritz Ponsonby, her assistant private secretary, articulated her unwavering stance in a letter. She sure did. It is a great interest to me for both the language and the people, I have naturally never come into real contact with before. Karim wrote to Victoria that his father, who was due to retire, had hopes of a pension and that his former employer, John Tyler, was angling for promotion. He was a Scot who hated Scotland. Has a U.S. President Ever Been Arrested Before. According to The Telegraph, Victorias son Edward immediately demanded that any letters between the two found on the royal premises be burned. Q. This is a lie and means that you wish to cheat the Queen." "[66], By 1893, Victoria was sending notes to Karim signed in Urdu. Her assistant private secretary Fritz Ponsonby ended one letter, which protested Karims favored standing, by outlining Victorias assessment of the inter-palace resentment: the Queen says it is race prejudice and that we are jealous of the poor Munshi.. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Kidron and Frears headed to India to find Fazal. Why? Feeling insulted, he retired to his room. [79], During the Queen's annual holiday in the French Riviera, in March 1895, the local newspapers ran articles on Le Munchy, secrtaire indien and le professor de la Reine, which according to Frederick Ponsonby were instigated by Karim. Oh,I miss him, Abdul. But no one thought to destroy the Queens Hindustani journals, a product of her daily lessons with the Munshi. She accepted Karim's explanation that Ali had found the brooch and that it was customary in India to keep anything that one found, whereas the rest of the Household thought Ali had stolen it. Privacy Statement Even if Abdul was ill, Victoria would take the diary to his house so that she could still take her lessons. Abdul Karim was one of Queen Victoria's closest confidants despite efforts The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. She cites a particular scene, when, to the consternation of the Royal household, Victoria took Abdul to a remote little house called Glas Allt Shiel, on the Balmoral estate, where she usedto retreat with Brown, and to which she said she would never return after he died. Karim, who joined Victoria four years after the death of her beloved Brown, quickly set to work for the nearly 80-year-old monarch. This developing relationship alarmed members of the court. [39] In July, Karim was assigned the room previously occupied by Dr (later Sir) James Reid, Victoria's physician, and given the use of a private sitting room. [50] On 30 October, the Munshi left Balmoral for four months' leave in India, travelling on the same ship as Lady Lansdowne. Abd al-Karm ( ALA-LC romanization of Arabic: ) is a Muslim The close platonic relationship between Karim and the Queen led to friction within the Royal Household, the other members of which felt themselves to be superior to him. Toadying around. 123124; Hibbert, p. 448; Longford, pp. [61] One visitor, Marie Mallet, the Queen's maid-in-waiting and wife of civil servant Bernard Mallet, recorded: I have just been to see the Munshi's wife (by Royal Command). Avdol disguised himself as his father, refusing to talk to Polnareff to keep his secret. [46] On 11 July 1890, she wrote to Lansdowne, and the Secretary of State for India Lord Cross, for "a grant of land to her really exemplary and excellent young Munshi, Hafiz Abdul Karim". Abdul Karim, or "the Munshi," served as the royal's butler during the final 14 years of her lengthy reign. Was it friendship, or maternal? It was a narrative with a lot of charm but it was bound to end badly. His father arranged a marriage between Karim and the sister of a fellow worker. On some occasions, she even signed off her letters with a flurry of kissesa highly unusual thing to do at that time.
It was unquestionably a passionate relationshipa relationship which I think operated on many different layers in addition to the mother-and-son ties between a young Indian man and a woman who at the time was over 60 years old.. Near the end of her reign, Queen Victoria developed a friendship with an Indian servant, elevating him to trusted advisor and infuriating her court. There were letters she signed as your loving mother, or she would say,I miss my friend, and on one occasion, Hold me tight. Those are strong words fora monarch.. They instructed Karim to return to India immediately, without fanfare or farewell. This colourful story has also been erased from the accepted narrative about Victoria. [110] By the time Karim returned to Britain in November 1900 Victoria had visibly aged, and her health was failing.
the Queens life that had been previously recorded. They instructed Karim to return to India immediately, without fanfare or farewell. The character featured in this article is commonly referred to as Mohammed Avdol, or sometimes Mohammed Abdul. Trying to predict the future in front of a fortune teller? Cross Street teamed up with other production companies, including Working Title, to produce the film. They instructed Karim to return to India immediately, without fanfare or farewell.. Karim was the only servant to ascend to the queens inner circle since the death of her Scottish confidante John Brown, who helped fill a personal void in Victorias life after her beloved husband, Albert, died. Recently Passed Away Celebrities and Famous People. Abdul Karim was born in 1863 and died on April 9, 2017. Abdul was 154 years old at the time of death. Hafiz Mohammed Abdul Karim, CIE, CVO (18631909), known as the Munshi, was a Muslim Indian attendant of Queen Victoria who gained her affection during the final fifteen years of her reign. During filming, visitors to the house were treated to an occasional glimpse of Queen Victoria, or Bertie, which must have been surreal. [52], Lansdowne visited Agra in November 1890. When did Abdul Karim Khan die?
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